The laws governing firearms and other weapons in Europe may be more complicated depending on which European nation you're traveling to. For travelers to member nations of the European Union they may be subject not only to the national laws of their destination, but also local laws and the regulations of the European Union.
German law raised the minimum age for the purchase and possession of weapons from 16 to 18 for hunters, and 18 to 21 for marksmen.
Hunting and fishing are big business in Canada and they attract many tourists, especially from the US and Japan. Typically the companies that provide services to hunters can also help customers comply with Canadian laws. You need a hunting or fishing license and may also need a gun license.
Canadian weapons laws are considerably tighter than the US, and there is less variation between provinces than between US states.
A number of weapons are classed as '''prohibited'''. Getting a permit for these is generally impossible. Prohibited firearms include short-barreled guns, fully-automatic weapons, rifles with collapsible stocks, and most 25 or 32 caliber pistols. Various other things are also prohibited — mags with over 5 rounds for a long gun or 10 for a pistol, silencers, replicas such as Airsoft guns, switchblade knives, teargas or pepper spray, ...
There are also '''restricted''' weapons — any pistol that is not prohibited, M16 and AR-15, various others. Permits for these may be possible, but there is considerable bureaucracy to be dealt with.
The only weapon that would be relatively easy to import, or to rent, is one that is neither restricted nor prohibited, such as the typical hunter's rifle or shotgun. Even for that, there would be paperwork.
Anyone who wishes to hunt must first purchase a hunting license valid for the state they will hunt in. Licenses are available at many rural stores or by mail/internet directly from the state. They are usually valid for a set period of time, or a set number of kills.
Foreigners on non-immigrant visas who wish to import guns for hunting or competitive shooting ''must'' file Form 6 NIA [http://www.atf.gov/firearms/faq/faq2.htm#a15] with the '''Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms''' [http://www.atf.gov], as well as have a valid hunting license. Approval generally takes 6-8 weeks, so plan ahead.
It is illegal in the US for non-citizens to purchase or own firearms. Private hunting and shooting may be done in the presence or under the supervision of a US citizen. Another option is to borrow or rent guns from the shooting range of your choice to shoot on premesis -- call ahead to see if this is an option.
Individual US States have a significant say over most of the regulations of firearms within their state. Travelers will want to check with individual states to make sure other restrictions will not apply to them. The pro-gun lobbyist organization, the '''National Rifle Association''' (Commonly referred to as the ''NRA'') [http://www.nra.org/] provides an excellent service that explains most relevant state-by-state laws.