The largest number of Arctic islands are parts of the Nunavut and Northwest Territories of Canada, and several are part of northern Russia; most of these are barren and uninhabited, and are covered (to the extent that there's anything to say about them) in their respective countries' articles.
Greenland – so large it hardly deserves to be called a mere "island" – lies largely in the Arctic Circle. Although it is arguably part of continental North America, it bears cultural and practical similarities to its smaller neighbors in the Arctic region. Likewise, Iceland barely kisses the Arctic Circle and has a fairly mild climate, but still has a sparsely-vegetated landscape and moderate accessibility issues. The Faroe Islands are closer to mainland Europe than any of the others (not much further out to sea than the Shetland Islands), but their small size leaves them somewhat more isolated. Jan Mayen and Svalbard are quintessentially Arctic – remote and harsh – but habitable.
Although they lie on or near the "great circle" routes taken by airliners between Europe and North America, the Arctic islands are generally treated as "fly-over" territories, with fewer stops since passenger planes gained the ability to cover the distance without refueling. Because of their historical ties to Europe, they are easier to get to from there than from Canada or the U.S.
Longyearbyen in Svalbard, is accessible on regularly scheduled SAS flights from Tromso and Oslo, Norway.
Reykjavik, Iceland is served by several flights a day to and from the United States, and the rest of Scandinavia.
Greenland is reached primarily by flights from Denmark and Iceland.
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